Greece :: essays research papers

Art & Culture There are few places in the world with so rich and diverse an artistic and cultural history as Greece. In terms of archeology there are artifacts that are 200,000 years old, while architecturally Greece boasts Minoan and Dorian ruins dating back almost four millennia. Greece is also where drama originated, so there are plenty of ancient theatres to pick your way through Museums Greece is bursting at the seams with museums. Almost every single city, town, village, historical site, settlement and hole in the hedge has an archeological museum which details the archeological and historical significance of its surroundings Historical Sites There is certainly no shortage of these in Greece. Every city has their own specialties, like the Acropolis and the Ancient Agora in Athens, the Oracle at Delphi, the Palace of the Grand Masters in Rhodes Town, and so on. There are far too many to list here. It is suggested you get hold of a tourist map from the Greek Tourist Organization (EOT) which sets out all the ancient, Byzantine and medieval sites throughout the country. But some of the major historical sites you should make a special effort to see are listed below: The Acropolis, Athens The Ancient Agora, Athens The Byzantine monument of Nea Msni on Chios The Polycrates Wall and Eupalinos Tunnel at Pithagorio, Samos The Oracle at Delphi The Minoan palace city of Knossos, Crete The ruins of Gsrtyn, Crete Minoan ruined city at Phestss, Crete Arch of Galerius, Thessalon?ki The White Tower, Thessalon?ki The Sanctuary of Isis, at D?on. Dafn? Monastery, Greece’s largest Byzantine monastery Met?ora Monasteries, perched on mountain outcrops, in Kalabaka Climate Greece is perfect for those who enjoy the sun, as for over two thirds of the year the country basks under clear, sunny skies. Temperatures do vary, however. Winters are mild and rainy, with temperatures sometimes dropping to freezing point, especially in the north. Summers are long and dry, with extremes of 37Â °C (99Â °F), making the yearly mean temperature about 17Â °C (63Â °F). For those not overly fond of the heat, the mountainous areas offer some respite as they receive more rain in summer, and even snow in winter. Rainfall figures vary, depending on the region. Thessaly is very dry, receiving around 38mm (1.5in). Portions of the western coast paint a different picture, however, receiving about 1,270mm (50in) of rain. Greece can be divided into the northern and southern climatic regions: Greece :: essays research papers Art & Culture There are few places in the world with so rich and diverse an artistic and cultural history as Greece. In terms of archeology there are artifacts that are 200,000 years old, while architecturally Greece boasts Minoan and Dorian ruins dating back almost four millennia. Greece is also where drama originated, so there are plenty of ancient theatres to pick your way through Museums Greece is bursting at the seams with museums. Almost every single city, town, village, historical site, settlement and hole in the hedge has an archeological museum which details the archeological and historical significance of its surroundings Historical Sites There is certainly no shortage of these in Greece. Every city has their own specialties, like the Acropolis and the Ancient Agora in Athens, the Oracle at Delphi, the Palace of the Grand Masters in Rhodes Town, and so on. There are far too many to list here. It is suggested you get hold of a tourist map from the Greek Tourist Organization (EOT) which sets out all the ancient, Byzantine and medieval sites throughout the country. But some of the major historical sites you should make a special effort to see are listed below: The Acropolis, Athens The Ancient Agora, Athens The Byzantine monument of Nea Msni on Chios The Polycrates Wall and Eupalinos Tunnel at Pithagorio, Samos The Oracle at Delphi The Minoan palace city of Knossos, Crete The ruins of Gsrtyn, Crete Minoan ruined city at Phestss, Crete Arch of Galerius, Thessalon?ki The White Tower, Thessalon?ki The Sanctuary of Isis, at D?on. Dafn? Monastery, Greece’s largest Byzantine monastery Met?ora Monasteries, perched on mountain outcrops, in Kalabaka Climate Greece is perfect for those who enjoy the sun, as for over two thirds of the year the country basks under clear, sunny skies. Temperatures do vary, however. Winters are mild and rainy, with temperatures sometimes dropping to freezing point, especially in the north. Summers are long and dry, with extremes of 37Â °C (99Â °F), making the yearly mean temperature about 17Â °C (63Â °F). For those not overly fond of the heat, the mountainous areas offer some respite as they receive more rain in summer, and even snow in winter. Rainfall figures vary, depending on the region. Thessaly is very dry, receiving around 38mm (1.5in). Portions of the western coast paint a different picture, however, receiving about 1,270mm (50in) of rain. Greece can be divided into the northern and southern climatic regions:

Research, Analysis and Preservation of Archaeological Sites and Remains Essay

If humans were to suddenly disappear from the earth, roots and weeds would heave up sidewalks and roads. Poison ivy would crawl up walls, and structures of buildings would collapse and deteriorate. Earthquakes, tsunamis, fires or other natural disasters wipe away towns and cities. Insects, vermin, and rats invade and break materials down until the jungle ultimately swallows towns and cities completely. Within a few thousand years civilization would vanish without a trace. However, when civilization vanishes from a group of boys the process of the boys returning back to our animal instincts takes some only a couple of days. In William Golding’s novel Lord of the Flies, Ralph would be most fitted as leader of these savages because he remains fixed on the main goal, he is assertive, and the boys chose him. A critical part of being a leader in strategy and execution because a leader has to set a goal and then follow through in completing their goal. When the boys crash they are faced with an immediate concern of being rescued, and Ralph faces this problem head on and announces, â€Å"If a ship comes near the island they may not notice us. So we must make smoke on top of the mountain† (Golding 30). Although it may seem simple enough the boy lose sight of their desire to be rescued and accept their savage lives on the island. Ralph persistently stresses the importance of the fire until he sounds like a broken record and even still, the boys cannot match his same urgency. In a conversation with Piggy he portrays his frustration, â€Å"If someone threw you a rope when you were drowning. If a doctor said take this because if you don’t take it you’ll die – you would, wouldn’t you?† (Golding 139). Ralph compares drowning and dying to their life on the island and symbolizes the rope and the pill as the equivalent of the fire. In his comparison it seems undeniable that the fire is the only way to be rescued. This was the main goal ever since the beginning and Ralph further displays his ability to lead above all others because, throughout all the chaos and disturbances, he is the only one who remains fixed on the central mission of returning home. Jack could claim he is a more worthy leader since he provides meat and feasts from his skillful hunting. However, not long after the boys arrive on the island, a ship passes and Jack leaves to hunt, abandoning his duty of keeping the fire burning causing it to go out. Piggy and Ralph scold Jack on his lack of accountability exclaiming, â€Å"You and your blood, Jack Merridew! You and your hunting! We might have gone home† (Golding 70). Jack continues on to generate excuses and eventually apologize, all the same, this mistake is inexcusable. The boys could have been rescued right the n and there and avoided the deaths and trauma later to come. Jack’s lack of responsibility and desire to go home is detrimental to his argument as chief. Ralph, on the other hand, understands the fire is the most important thing and follows through on ensuring it is done. Ralph is assertive, which is key in leadership because a chief must be strong to set limits and stand firm in holding them. At the time when the fire goes out, Ralph demands the boys to build a new fire and then stands assertively atop the mountain so, â€Å"No one, not even Jack, would ask him to move and in the end they had to build the fire three yards away and in a place not really as convenient† (Golding 73). Ralph’s decision to stand on the mound of ashes and refuse to move is symbolic because he made it clear to everyone he was in authority, including Jack who became powerless to him. Ralph is the symbol of strength and dominance and is the right leader for the boys on the island. Piggy, could present a valid argument that he has a higher intellect, therefore would make a better leader. As Ralph contemplates multiple pressing issues pertaining to being chief of the island, he is forced to stretch his mind beyond any way he has had to think before, he had to adjus t his values, â€Å"Piggy could think. He could go step by step inside that fat head of his, only Piggy was no chief† (Golding 103). No matter how intelligent Piggy is, he will always be an outsider because of his fat, his asthma, and his cowardice personality. Piggy, despite his brains, does not have the assertiveness, charisma, or respect of others like Ralph, to be chief. Ralph should be the leader on the island because the boys chose him, which gives him authority because a leader is made up of followers and they chose to follow him. The boys vote on a chief and when Ralph’s name is brought up, â€Å"Every hand outside of the choir except Piggy’s was raised immediately. Then Piggy, too, raised his hand grudgingly into the air,† then the votes were counted and he was declared chief and, â€Å"The circle of boys broke into applause† (Golding 22-23). The boys voting for him as chief is a critical part of him being a leader because the boys chose him. He gained their votes and, as a result, they are more likely to take him seriously as a leader, respect him, and listen to his orders. Jack may argue that Ralph does not have the same qualifications and experience as him to be chief because he has prior experience being the leader of the choir. However, Jack’s self-importance and leadership quality is more of a negative at tribute than a positive one, â€Å"I ought to be chief,† said Jack with simple arrogance, â€Å"because I’m chapter chorister and head boy. I can sing C sharp† (Golding 22). As the leader of the choir, Jack is used to being obeyed in an oppressive, tyrannic way. Even the choir, voted for Jack out of dreary obedience. This made it all the more important that Ralph was chosen in a Democratic process, because it was revealed that Ralph’s stillness, was a more likable quality then Jack’s self-righteousness. A chief must be able to attain the starting mission, have strength and boldness, and be chosen by their followers. Ralph, through all the challenges facing him, maintains these qualities and is, therefore, the fitting leader of the boys. Without humans, it is a matter of time before the earth returns to its original form. Similarly without law and order, it is a matter of time before human’s turn back to their primitive instincts. Thus emphasizing how easily human nature is tempted and the way one must strive to continue doing right.

Biography of Sandro Botticelli, Birth of Venus Painter

Sandro Botticelli (1445-1510) was an Italian Early Renaissance painter. He is best known today for his iconic painting The Birth of Venus. He was popular enough during his lifetime that he was chosen as part of the team of artists who created the first paintings in the Sistine Chapel. Fast Facts: Sandro Botticelli Full Name: Alessandro di Mariano di Vanni FilipepiOccupation: PainterStyle: Italian Early RenaissanceBorn: c. 1445 in Florence, ItalyDied: May 17, 1510, in Florence, ItalyParent: Mariano di Vanni dAmedeo FilipepiSelected Works: Adoration of the Magi (1475), Primavera (1482), The Birth of Venus (1485) Early Life and Training Most of the details of Sandro Botticellis earliest life are unknown. He is thought to have grown up in Florence, Italy in a relatively poor part of the city where he lived most of his life. Legends about the artist say that one of his four older brothers nicknamed him Botticelli which means little barrel in Italian. Sandro Botticelli was apprenticed to artist Fra Filippo Lippi somewhere around 1460. He was considered a conservative painter but one of the most popular in Florence, and was often given commissions by the powerful Medici family. The young Botticelli received a solid education in the Florentine style of panel painting, frescoes, and drawing. Adoration of the Magi (1475). Thekla Clark / Getty Images Early Florentine Career In 1472, Botticelli joined a group of Florentine painters known as the Compagnia di San Luca. Many of his early works were church commissions. One of his first masterpieces was the 1476 Adoration of the Magi painted for the Santa Maria Novella. Among the portraits in the painting are members of the Medici family and the only known self-portrait of Botticelli. Saint Augustine in His Study (1480). Leemage / Getty Images The influential Vespucci family, well-known for the explorer Amerigo Vespucci, commissioned a fresco of Saint Augustine in his Study dating to approximately 1480. It is the earliest Botticelli fresco that still survives and is located in the church of Ognissanti in Florence. Sistine Chapel In 1481, due to his local popularity, Botticelli was one of the group of Florentine and Umbrian artists invited by Pope Sixtus IV to create frescoes to decorate the walls of his new Sistine Chapel in Rome. His work in the chapel pre-dates the better known Michelangelo pieces by nearly 30 years. Sandro Botticelli contributed three scenes of the fourteen that depict events in the lives of Jesus Christ and Moses. They include The Temptations of Christ, Youth of Moses, and Punishment of the Sons of Corah. He also painted several of the portraits of popes above the larger scenes. Temptation of Christ (1482). Heritage Images / Getty Images While Botticelli designed the Sistine Chapel paintings himself, he brought a team of assistants with him to complete the work. This was due to the ample space covered by the frescoes and the requirement to complete the job in only a few months. Birth of Venus After the completion of the Sistine Chapel pieces in 1482, Botticelli returned to Florence and remained there for the rest of his life. During the next period of his career, he created his two most famous paintings, 1482s Primavera and 1485s The Birth of Venus. Both are in the Uffizi Gallery museum in Florence. Both Primavera and The Birth of Venus are notable for depictions of scenes from classical mythology on a massive scale usually reserved for religious subject matter. Some historians see Primavera as one of the earliest works designed to make looking at art an act of pleasure. Birth of Venus (1485). Heritage Images / Getty Images While Botticelli fell out of favor after his death, a revival of interest in The Birth of Venus in the 19th century positioned the piece as one of the most revered works of art of all time. The scene depicts Venus, the Goddess of Love, sailing to shore on a giant seashell. Zephyr, the god of the west wind, blows her ashore while an attendant waits to wrap a cloak around her. One unique element of The Birth of Venus was the presentation of a nearly life-size female nude. For many casual observers, the painting is their idea of Italian Renaissance art. However, it stands apart from most of the critical elements of the main threads of art from the period. Botticelli painted a few other mythological subjects, and they also stand out among his most famous works. The smaller panel painting Mars and Venus is in the National Gallery in London, England. The larger piece Pallas and the Centaur hangs in the Uffizzi in Florence. Secular Work Botticelli focused most of his career on religious and mythologic content, but he also produced many portraits. Most of them are various members of the Medici family. Since the commissions often went to Botticellis workshop, it is impossible to know for sure which artists worked on which portrait. However, the identification of similar elements is used to try and identify authentic Botticelli work. Portrait of Giuliano de Medici (1478). Francis G. Mayer / Getty Images Later Years Sometime during the 1490s, Botticelli rented a small house with a farm in the country just outside of Florence. He lived on the property with his brother Simone. Little is known about Botticellis personal life, and he never married. The Florentine Archives include an accusation from 1502 that Botticelli kept a boy and might have been gay or bisexual, but historians do not agree on this point. Similar allegations were common slander during the era. Castello Annunciation (1490). Hulton Archive / Getty Images Late in the 1490s, the Medici family lost much of their power in Florence. Religious fervor took over in their place, and it reached a climax with The Bonfire of the Vanities in 1497. Many historians believe that many Botticelli paintings could have been lost. Botticellis work after 1500 is more somber in tone and specifically religious in content. Paintings like his 1501 Mystic Crucifixion are emotionally intense. No one knows for sure what happened in the last years of Botticellis life, but he died a poor man in 1510. He is buried in the chapel of the Vespucci family in the church of Ognissanti in Florence. Legacy Botticellis reputation suffered for centuries following his death as Western art critics revered the later artists, Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo. In the late 1800s, Botticelli surged in popularity. In the first two decades of the 1900s, more books were published about Botticelli than any other artist. He is now considered one of the artists who best represent the linear elegance of Early Renaissance painting. Source Zollner, Frank. Botticelli. Prestel, 2015.

Give Your Child a Chance at Life - 667 Words

Abortion is one of the many topics that everyone has an opinion about. Whether you are for or against it everyone has an opinion about it. In our society it is a huge controversial issue that everyone is dealing with on a religious, personal or political aspect. Even though it was declared that abortion is a fundamental right in 1973 there is still debate about it on many different levels. Countless religious affiliations are against it, saying that unborn babies are human beings at the moment of conception, and have the right to life. Catholics are one of the biggest groups that is against abortion; it is in their belief that life is sacred from the moment of conception until natural death. In their eyes abortion is morally because it is taking the life of an innocent human being, born or unborn. Whether a human being is five or fifty or even one day old there should be respect for human life. If someone decides to kills a twenty year old girl it is considered murder. Unlike Cathol ics, many people do not look at abortion as murder, but as a way to prevent an unwanted pregnancy. Catholics believe that murder is sinful and immoral and that an unborn child should have the option to live and not be murder by it’s own mother. Abortion also defies the sixth commandment from God that states â€Å"Thou shalt not kill†. No matter what the circumstances are an innocent human being was conceived and nobody should have the right to take that unborn child’s life away. Many young girlsShow MoreRelatedEssay on Pro and Cons of Abortion658 Words   |  3 Pagesnothing of it to go to the clinic as many as five times in their life to have an abortion. A con against abortion is the nagging thought that a woman went to a clinic, had an abortion, and thus the world was prevented from seeing the birth of the only person capable of attaining a leadership role and initiating a peace accord between warring factions in the Middle East, thus preventing decades of strife and murder. A stable home life is not a guarantee of talent, and illegitimate children haveRead MoreExamples Of Persuasive Speech On Adoption882 Words   |  4 Pagesto be at in life, and then there’s some of us who aren’t quite there yet. Imagine meeting that special someone, fall in love, and get married. Now you and your spouse decide that your ready to start a family. After multiple times of trying and help with many medications prescribed by your doctor or specialist th ere is still no children. You become discouraged and start to feel like your marriage is being strained because of stress and pressure to get pregnant. A few years pass but your constantlyRead MoreShould LBTG Adoption Be Allowed? Essay788 Words   |  4 Pagesit gives orphans a chance to feel what it is like to be in a loving family, it gives parents that are either sterile or barren to have children of their own, and it gives many people a great chance to be in the type of family that many people are so happily in. Maybe someone that you know might be adopted; maybe you were adopted, now just think if adoption was illegal. Many people feel like it should be illegal. So allow me to announce my first reason why adoption should be allowed. It gives orphansRead MoreStrict And Well Rounded Parenting1137 Words   |  5 PagesHave you ever thought of why your parents treat you the way they do? Many parents treat their kids differently. There really isn’t a correct way of parentin g, it’s mostly based on the parent’s own opinion on how parenting should be handled. There are plenty of different parents out there such as strict parents, laid back parents, or even ones that just flat out don’t care what their child does or says. Strict and well-rounded parenting are some of the better options at your disposal. When kids grow upRead MoreAbortion Is Not The Only Option983 Words   |  4 Pagescircumstances their life is still precious, and important. If a woman doesn’t think that she could keep a baby because of how they were conceived, abortion is not the only option. The woman could have her baby adopted whether through an agency, or done privately with parents she could get to know personally. If the mother decides to have her baby adopted then she has a lot of options to decide from, somewhere if in a few years when she knows she’s ready she can have the choice to get to know her child. TheseRead MoreAbortion is Murder Essay 1424 Words   |  6 PagesAnthony are against abortion. Susan B. Anthony was an American civil rights leader in the 19th century (â€Å"Susan B. Anthony†). Many people were against the idea of abortion until the 19th century. A lot of states felt that, even though in the womb, the child still has rights in this world. Around the 1960’s is when people started supporting abortions. They wanted it to be legalized even though they very well knew the dangers of having abortions. Some religions as well were for abortion, such as the JewishRead More Adopted Children Should Know T Essay562 Words   |  3 Pages â€Å"Giving birth is like pulling your lower lip over your head† -Carol Lucawikz When a mother gives birth to her child it is the ultimate bonding experience. And when a mother gives her child up for adoption, it is a selfless act for the child’s best interests, but not a painless one. Every parent that is involved in an adoption arrangement will wonder and worry about their child for many days of many years. Curiosity is powerful, and it is not uncommon to long to be reunited with one’s own fleshRead MoreThe Risks of In Vitro Fertilization Essay1091 Words   |  5 PagesHow much are couples willing to risk in order conceiving a child? Is In-vitro fertilization worth the risk of your child being stillborn, or having birth defects? There are many Pros and Cons on this topic. For many couples dream’s that have been vanished with the possibility of having a child of its own blood, IVF might be worth the risk. Although you do have a risk of running into this problem, how likely is it for your child to encounter them. Invitro fertilization is an effective means ofRead MoreThe Effects Of Abortion On Women s Body1090 Words   |  5 Pagesabortions as a form of some type of birth control. Abortion isn’t just a small matter it’s a great matter it’s the difference in life and death literally. This procedure was legalized in the 1973 Supreme Court cases of Roe vs. Wade, and Doe vs. Boston. The harmful effects of abortions on a women body Its many things that can happen during and after the procedure that can ruin your body physically. You may even start to get an infection or obtain a bladder injury from the abortion you received the symptomsRead MoreAbortion vs Adoption Comparative Essay1090 Words   |  5 Pages What are your thoughts on abortion and adoption? Is one better than the other? Many Americans will say that adoption and abortion are the same, and it does not matter which one is chosen, because at the end of the day, the child is still gone. I disagree. Abortion is senseless when adoption is a much better option for someone in an unwanted pregnancy. Some comparisons of abortions and adoptions exist. Abortions and adoptions are both considered as giving up the child. An abortion is

Piaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development - 1132 Words

Psychologist Jean Piaget was the first to make a study surrounding the theory of cognitive development. The interesting thing about Piaget’s way of studying was that he was more concerned about how children’s thoughts got to the answer in relation to their IQ rather than simply their ability to answer a question correctly. The cognitive development theory detailed observational studies of cognition in children by a series of tests, which furthermore revealed different cognitive abilities. Before Piaget’s study, it was assumed that because children are younger, they are less competent thinks than that of adults. However, test results showed that it was actually quite opposite; young children simply think in remarkably different ways than adults. â€Å"According to Piaget, children are born with a very basic mental structure (genetically inherited and evolved) on which all subsequent learning and knowledge is based,† (McLeod). What made his theory so much different than his colleagues is that Piaget focused on three aspects: strictly children, development rather than learning, and discrete stages of development marked by qualitative differences rather than a gradual increase. The main goal of this was to explain the process in which infants and children develop into an individual who can reason and think using hypotheses. â€Å"[It] was a progressive reorganization of mental processes as a result of biological maturation and environmental experience. Children construct anShow MoreRelatedPiaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development1289 Words   |  6 Pagesare many great cognitive theorists, but the one that comes to mind is a development psychologist by the name of Jean Piaget. One of his prized declaration was in 1934, where he declared that education is capable of saving our society from collapsing whether its violent or gradual. Piaget had a key effect on education and psychology, and because of that effect he made many contributions to learning and to cognition. One of most important contribution was a model that was made by Piaget. This modelRead MorePiaget s Cognitive Development Theory1077 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to Piaget (1957), cognitive development was a continuous restructuring of mental processes due to varied situations and experiencing the world and maturing biologically. His view of cognitive development would have us look inside a child’s head and glimpse the inborn process of change that thinking goes through. â€Å"He was mainly interested in the biological influences on â€Å"how we come to know’† (Huitt and Hummel, 2003). Piaget’s views helps us to have appropriate expectations about children’sRead MorePiaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development1813 Words   |  8 Pages ECH-130 Sociocultural Tables LLlllll Cognitive Development Definition Examples of Application of Concept Strategies to Support and/or Assess Learning Birth to Age 5/Pre-K Piaget Sensorimotor stage: :the first stage Piaget uses to define cognitive development. During this period, infants are busy discovering relationships between their bodies and the environment. Researchers have discovered that infants have relatively well developed sensory abilities An infant who recently learned how to rollRead MorePiaget s Cognitive Theory And Cognitive Development1494 Words   |  6 Pages 1) Examine how Piaget’s cognitive theory can help to explain the child’s behavior. Piaget confirms â€Å"Each cognitive stage represents a fundamentally new psychological reorganization resulting from maturation of new functions and abilities† (as in Greene, 2009, p.144). The case Vignette describes Victors’ stages of development through Piaget’s stages of cognitive development as exhibited behavior that occurred during the sensorimotor, preoperational, as established areas. Victor experienced a normalRead MorePiaget s Theory On Cognitive Development1449 Words   |  6 Pagesstrengths and weaknesses of Piaget’s theory on cognitive development. It will focus on Piaget’s work highlighting positive attributes and how they’re being applied in modern day and also delve on key limitations of the theory. Piaget was a Swiss psychologist who was interested on why children would give similar but wrong answers in an intelligence test (Vidal, 1994). Based on his observations, he concluded that children undergo sequential cognitive d evelopment patterns which occur in defined stagesRead MorePiaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development969 Words   |  4 Pages20th century, the development of psychology is constantly expanding. Erikson and Piaget are two of the ealier well known theorist, both being significant in the field. Their belief s are outlined in Piaget s Cognitive Development Theory and Erikson s Psychosocial Development Theory. These theories, both similar and different, have a certain significance as the stages are outlined.Erikson and Piaget were similar in their careers and made huge progressions in child development and education. WithRead MorePiaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development1519 Words   |  7 Pagesrelates to both Piaget and Vygotskian theories in the sense that they describe how the child s mind develops through different forms of stimuli that occur during early childhood. Piaget s theory focuses mainly on things such as; how children think; how the world around them is perceived and how th e newly found information is explained through the language they use. Vygotsky s theory however differs as the effects of different forms of social interaction occur in cognitive development such as; internalisation;Read MorePiaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development1111 Words   |  5 PagesPiaget’s theory of cognitive development Piaget’s theory of cognitive development was based around his belief that children will develop their intelligence through a series of stages: Sensorimotor (birth – 2yrs), Preoperational (2-7yrs), Concrete Operational (7-11yrs) and Formal Operational (11+). He believed these stages to be invariant, the same stages taking place in a fixed order, and universal, the same for every child regardless of their background or culture. (McLeod, 2015) Piaget believedRead MorePiaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development Essay1790 Words   |  8 PagesCognitive developmental theories provide a framework for understanding about how children act and perceive the world. However, every theory has both strengths and weaknesses. A certain theory may explain one aspect of cognitive development very well, but poorly address or completely ignore other aspects that are just as important. Two well known theories of cognitive development are Piaget’s stage theory and Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory. As I plan to be a pediatric nurse, these two theories willRead MorePiaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development1325 Words   |  6 PagesJean Piaget developed a systematic study of cognitive development. He conducted a theory that all children are born with a basic mental structure. He felt that their mental structure is genetically inherited and their learning evolved from subsequent learning and knowledge. Piaget’s theory is differ ent from other theories and he was the first to study a child’s learning by using a systematic study of cognitive development. His theory was only concerning the learning of children, their development

Night World Secret Vampire Chapter 8 Free Essays

string(103) " what do you eat for a midnight snack\?† Phil asked, his green eyes somber and almost childlike\." When the Jetta turned into the parking lot of a7-Eleven, James smiled. There was a nice isolatedarea behind the store, and it was getting dark. He drove his own car around back, then got out to watch the store entrance. We will write a custom essay sample on Night World : Secret Vampire Chapter 8 or any similar topic only for you Order Now When Phil came outwith a bag, he sprang on him from behind. Phil yelled and fought, dropping the bag. It didn’tmatter. The sun had gone down and James’s powerwas at full strength. He dragged Phil to the back of the store and put him facing the wall beside a Dumpster. The classicpolice frisking position. â€Å"I’m going to let go now,† he said. â€Å"Don’t try torun away. That would be a mistake.† Phil went tense and motionless at the sound of hisvoice. â€Å"I don’twantto run away. I want to smash your face in, Rasmussen.† â€Å"Go ahead and try.† James was going to add,Makemy night, but he reconsidered. He let go of Phil, who turned around and regarded him with utter loathing. â€Å"What’s the matter? Run out of girls to jump?† hesaid, breathing hard. James gritted his teeth. Trading insults wasn’t going to do any good, but he could already tell it was going to be hard to keep his temper. Phil had that effect on him. â€Å"I didn’t bring you out here to fight.I brought you to ask you something. Do you care about Poppy?† Phil said, â€Å"I’ll take stupid questions for five hundred, Alex,† and loosened his shoulder as if gettingready for a punch. â€Å"Because if you do, you’ll get her to talk to me.You were the one who convinced her not to see me,and now you’ve got to convince her that shehastosee me.† Phil looked around the parking lot, as if calling for somebody to witness this insanity. James spoke slowly and dearly, enunciating eachword. â€Å"There is something I can do to help her.† â€Å"Because you’re Don Juan, right? You’re gonna heal her with your love.† The words were flippant,but Phil’s voice was shaky with sheer hatred. Not just hatred for James, but for a universe that would givePoppy cancer. â€Å"No. You’ve got it completely wrong. Look, youthink I was making out with her, or trifling with her affections or whatever. That’s not what was going onat all. I let you think that because I was tired ofgetting the third degree from you-and because Ididn’t want you to know what we weredoing.† â€Å"Sure, sure,† Phil said in a voice filled with equal measures of sarcasm and contempt. â€Å"So whatwereyou doing? Drugs?† James had learned something from his first encounter with Poppy in the hospital. Show and tellshould be done in that order. This time he didn’t sayanything; he just grabbed Phil by the hair and jerked his head back. There was only a single light behind the store, butit was enough togive Phil a good view of the baredfangs looming over him. And it was more thanenough for James, with his night vision, to see Phillip’s green eyesdilate as he stared. Phillip yelled, then went limp. Not with fear, James knew. He wasn’t a coward.With the shock of disbelief turning to belief. Phillip swore. â€Å"You’rea †¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Right.† James let him go. Phil almost lost his balance. He grabbed at theDumpster for support. â€Å"I don’t believe it.† â€Å"Yes, you do,† James said. He hadn’t retracted hisfangs, and he knew that hiseyes were shining silver.Philhadto believe it with James standing right infront of him. Phil apparently had the same idea. He was staringat James as if he wanted to look away, but couldn’t.The color had drained out of his face, and he keptswallowing as if he were going to be sick. â€Å"God,† he said finally. â€Å"I knew there was something wrong with you. Weird wrong. I could neverfigure out why you gave me the creeps. So this is it.† I disgust him, James realized. It’s not just hatred anymore. He thinks I’m less than human. It didn’t augur well for the rest of James’s plan. â€Å"Now do you understand how I can help Poppy?† Phil shook his head slowly. He was leaning againstthe wall, one hand still on the Dumpster. James felt impatience rise in his chest. â€Å"Poppy hasa disease. Vampires don’t get diseases. Do you needa road map?† Phillip’s expression said he did. â€Å"If,†James said through his teeth, â€Å"I exchangeenough blood with Poppy to turn her into a vampire,she won’t have cancer anymore. Every cell in herbody will change and she’ll end up a perfect specimen: flawless, disease-free. She’ll have powers thathumans don’t even dream of. And, incidentally,she’ll be immortal.† There was a long, long silence as James watchedthis sink in with Phillip. Phil’s thoughts were toojumbled and kaleidoscopic for James to make anything of them, but Phil’s eyes got wider and his facemore ashen. At last Phil said, â€Å"You can’t do that to her.† It was thewayhe said it. Not as if he were protesting an idea because it was too radical, too new.Not the knee-jerk overreaction that Poppy had had. He said it with absolute conviction and utmost horror. As if James were threatening to steal Poppy’ssoul. â€Å"It’s the only way to save herlife,†James said. Phil shook his head slowly again, eyes huge andtrancelike. â€Å"No. No. She wouldn’t want it. Not atthat cost.† â€Å"What cost?† James was more than impatientnow, he was defensive and exasperated. If he’d realized that this was going to turn into a philosophical debate, he would have picked somewhere less public.As it was, he had to keep all his senses on the alertfor possible intruders. Phil let go of the Dumpster and stood on his owntwo feet. There was fear mixed with the horror in his eyes, but he faced James squarely. â€Å"It’s just-there are some things that humansthink are more important than just staying alive,† hesaid. â€Å"You’ll find that out.† I don’t believe this, James thought. He sounds likea junior space captain talking to the alien invadersin a B movie.You won’tfind Earth peoplequitethe easymark you imagine. Aloud, he said, â€Å"Are you nuts? Look, Phil, I wasborn in San Francisco. I’m not some bug-eyed monster from Alpha Centauri. I eat Wheaties forbreakfast.† â€Å"And what do you eat for a midnight snack?† Phil asked, his green eyes somber and almost childlike. â€Å"Or are the fangs just for decoration?† Walked right into that one, James’s brain told him.He looked away. â€Å"Okay. Touch?. There are somedifferences. I never said I was a human. But I’m notsome kind of-â€Å" â€Å"If you’re not a monster, then I don’t knowwhat is.† Don’t kill him, James counseled himself frantically.You have toconvincehim. â€Å"Phil, we’re not like what you see at the movies. We’re not all-powerful. We can’t dematerialize through walls or travel through time, and we don’t need to kill to feed. We’re not evil, at least not all of us. We’re not damned.† â€Å"You’re unnatural,† Phillip said softly, and James could feel that he meant it from his heart. â€Å"You’rewrong. Youshouldn’t exist.† â€Å"Because we’re higher up on the food chain thanyou?† â€Å"Because people weren’t meant to †¦feed †¦ on other people.† James didn’t say that his people didn’t think ofPhillip’s people as people. He said, â€Å"We only do whatwe have to do to survive. And Poppy’s already agreed.† Phillip froze. â€Å"No. She wouldn’t want to becomelike you.† â€Å"She wants to stay a!ive—or at least, she did, before she got mad at me. Now she’s just irrationalbecause she hasn’t got enough of my blood in her tofinish changing her. Thanks to you.† He paused, then said deliberately, â€Å"Have you ever seen a three-weekold corpse, Phil? Because that’swhat she’s going to become if I don’t get to her.† Phil’s face twisted. He whirled around and slammed a fist into the metal side of the Dumpster.†Don’t you think I know that?I’ve been living withthat since Monday night.† James stood still, heart pounding. Feeling the anguish Phil was giving off and the pain of Phil’s injured hand. It was several seconds before he was ableto saycalmly,†And you think that’s better than whatI can give her?† â€Å"It’s lousy. It stinks. But, yes, it’s better than turning into something that hunts people. Thatusespeo ple. That’s why all the girlfriends, isn’t it?† Once again, James couldn’t answer right away.Phil’s problem, he was realizing, was that Phil wasfar too smart for his own good. He thought too much.†Yeah. That’s why all the girlfriends,† he said at last,tiredly. Trying not to see this from Phil’s point of view. â€Å"Just tell me one thing, Rasmussen.†Phillip straightened and looked him dead in the eye. â€Å"Didyou†-he stopped and swallowed-â€Å"feed on Poppybefore she got sick?† â€Å"No.† Phil let out his breath. â€Å"That’s good. Because if you had,I’d have killed you.† James believed him. He was much stronger than Phil, much faster, and he’d never been afraid of ahuman before. But just at that moment he had nodoubt that Phil would somehow have found a way to do it. â€Å"Look, there’s something you don’t understand,†he said. â€Å"Poppy did want this, and it’s something we’ve already started. She’s only just beginning tochange; if she dies now, she won’t become a vampire.But she might not die all thee way, either. She couldend up a walking corpse. A zombie, you know?Mindless. Body rotting, but immortal.† Phil’s mouth quivered with revulsion. â€Å"You’re justsaying that to scare me.† James looked away. â€Å"I’ve seen it happen.† â€Å"I don’t believe you.† â€Å"I’ve seen it firsthand!†Dimly James realized hewas yelling and that he’d grabbed Phil by the shirtfront. He was out of control-and he didn’t care.†I’ve seen it happen to somebodyIcared about, allright?† And then, because Phil was still shaking his head:†I was only four years old and I had a nanny. Allthe rich kids in San Francisco have nannies. Shewas human.† â€Å"Let go,† Phil muttered, pulling at James’s wrist.He was breathing hard-he didn’t want to hear this. â€Å"I was crazy about her. She gave me everythingmy mom didn’t. Love, attention-she was never too busy. I called her Miss Emma.† â€Å"Let go.† â€Å"But my parents thought I was too attached to her.So they took me on a little vacation-and they didn’tlet me feed. Not for three days. By the time they brought me back, I was starving. Then they sent MissEmma up to put me to bed.† Phil had stopped fighting now. He stood with hishead bowed and turned to one side so he wouldn’thave to look at James. James threw his words at theaverted face. â€Å"I was only four. I couldn’t stop myself. And the thing is, I wanted to. If you’d asked me who I’d rather have die, me or Miss Emma, I’d’ve said me. But when you’re starving, you lose control. So I fed on her, and all the time I was crying and trying to stop. And when I finally could stop, I knew it wastoo late.† There was a pause. James suddenly realized that his fingers were locked in anagonizingcramp. He letgo of Phil’s shirt slowly. Phil said nothing. â€Å"She was just lying there on the floor. I thought,wait, if I give her my own blood she’ll be a vampire, and everything will be okay.† He wasn’t yelling anymore. He wasn’t even really speaking to Phillip, butstaring out into the dark parking lot. â€Å"So I cut myselfand let the blood run into her mouth. She swallowedsome of it before my parents came up and stoppedme. But not enough.† A longer pause-and James remembered why hewas telling the story. He looked at Phillip. â€Å"She died that night but not all the way. The twodifferent kinds of blood were fighting inside her. Soby morning she was walking around again-but shewasn’t Miss Emma anymore. She drooled and her skin was gray and her eyes were flat like a corpse’s.And when she started to-rot-my dad took her out to Inverness and buried her. He killed her first.† Bilerose in James’s throat and he added almost in a whisper, â€Å"I hope he killed her first.† Phil slowly turned around to look at him. For thefirst time that evening, there was something otherthan horror and fear in his face. Something like pity, James thought. James took a deep breath. After thirteen years of silence he’d finally told the storyto Phillip North,of all people. But it was no good wondering aboutthe absurdity. He had a point to drive home. â€Å"So take my advice. If you don’t convince Poppyto see me, make sure they don’t do an autopsy onher. You don’t want her walking around without herinternal organs. And have a wooden stake ready forthe time when you can’t stand to look at heranymore.† The pity was gone from Phil’s eyes. His mouth wasa hard, trembling line. â€Å"We won’t let her turn into†¦ some kind of halfalive abomination,† he said. â€Å"Or a vampire, either. I’m sorry about what happened to your Miss Emma,but it doesn’t change anything.† â€Å"Poppyshould be the one to decide-â€Å" But Phillip had reached his limit, and now he was simply shaking his head. â€Å"Just keep away from my sister,† he said. â€Å"That’s all I want. If you do, I’ll leaveyou alone. And if you don’t-â€Å" â€Å"What?† â€Å"I’m going to tell everybody in El Camino what you are. I’m going to call the police and the mayorand I’m going to stand in the middle of the streetand yell it.† James felt his hands go icy cold. What Phil didn’t realize was that he’d just made it James’s duty to killhim. It wasn’t just that any human who stumbled onNight World secrets had to die, but that one activelythreatening to tellabout the Night World had to die immediately, no questions asked, no mercy given. Suddenly James was so tired he couldn’t seestraight. â€Å"Get out of here, Phil,† he said in a voice drainedof emotion and vitality both. â€Å"Now. And if you reallywant to protect Poppy, you won’t tell anybody anything. Because they’ll trace it back and find out thatPoppy knows the secrets, too. And then they’ll killher-after bringing her in for questioning. It won’tbe fun.† â€Å"Who’re ‘they’? Your parents?† â€Å"The Night People. We’re all around you, Phil.Anybody you know could be one-including themayor. So keep your mouth shut.† Phillip looked at him through narrowed eyes. Thenhe turned and walked to the front of the store. James couldn’t remember when he’d felt so empty. Everything he’d done had turned out wrong. Poppywas now in more kinds of danger than he couldcount. And Phillip North thought he was unnatural andevil. What Phil didn’t know was that most of thetime James thought the same thing. Phillip got halfway home before he rememberedthat he’d dropped the bag with Poppy’s cranberryjuice and wild cherry Popsicles. Poppy had hardly eaten in the last two days, and when she did get hungry, it was for something weird. No-somethingred,he realized as he paid for a second time at the 7-Eleven. He felt a sick lurch in his stomach. Everything she wanted lately was redand at least semiliquid. Did Poppy realize that herself? He studied her when he went into her bedroom togive her a Popsicle. Poppy spent most of the time inbed now. And she was so pale and still.. Her green eyes werethe only alive thing about her. They dominated herface, glittering with an almost savage awareness. Cliff and Phil’s mother were talking about gettinground-the-clock nurses to be with her. â€Å"Don’t like the Popsicle?† Phil asked, dragging achair to sit beside her bed. Poppy was eyeing the thing with distaste. She tooka tiny lick and grimaced. Phillip watched her. Another lick. Then she put the Popsicle into anempty plastic cup on her nightstand. â€Å"I don’t know †¦ I just don’t feel hungry,† she said, leaning backagainst the pillows. â€Å"Sorry you had to go out fornothing.† â€Å"No problem.† God, she looks sick, Phil thought.†Is there anything else I can do for you?† Eyes shut, Poppy shook her head. A very smallmotion. â€Å"You’re a good brother,† she said distantly. She used to be so alive, Phil thought. Dad calledher Kilowatt or Eveready. She used to radiateenergy. Without in the least meaning to, he found himself saying, â€Å"I saw James Rasmussen today.† Poppy stiffened. Her hands on the bedspreadformed not fists, but claws. â€Å"He’d better keep awayfrom here!† There was something subtly wrong about her reaction. Something not-Poppy. Poppy could get fierce,sure, but Phil had never heard that animal tone inher voice before. A picture flashed through Phil’s mind. A creaturefromNight of the Living Dead,walking even though its intestines were spilling out. A living corpse likeJames’s Miss Emma. Was that really what would happen if Poppy diedright now? Was she that much changed already? â€Å"I’ll scratch his eyes out if he comes around here,†Poppy said, her fingers working on the spread like acat kneading. â€Å"Poppy-he told me the truth about what hereally is.† Strangely, Poppy had no reaction. â€Å"He’s scum,†she said. â€Å"He’s a reptile.† Something about her voice made Phillip’s fleshcreep. â€Å"And I told him you would never want to become something like that.† â€Å"I wouldn’t,† Poppy said shortly. â€Å"Not if it meanthanging around withhimfor eternity. I don’t want to see him ever again.† Phil stared at her for a long moment. Then heleaned back and shut his eyes, one thumb jammedagainst his temple where the ache was worst. Not just subtly wrong. He didn’t want to believe it, but Poppy wasstrange.Irrational. And now thathe thought about it, she’d been getting stranger everyhour since James had been thrown out. So maybe she was in some eerie in-between state. Not a human and not a vampire. And not able tothink dearly. Just as James had said. Poppy should be the one to decide. There was something he had to ask her. â€Å"Poppy?† He waited until she looked at him, her green eyes large and unblinking. â€Å"When we talked,James said that you’d agreed to let him-change you.Before you got mad at him. Is that right?† Poppy’s eyebrows lifted. â€Å"I’m mad at him,† sheconfirmed, as if this was the only part of the questionshe’d processed. â€Å"And you know why I like you?Because you’ve always hated him. Now we bothhate him.† Phil thought for a moment, then spoke carefully. â€Å"Okay. But when youweren’tmad at him, back then,did you want to turn into-what he is?† Suddenly a gleam of rationality showed in Poppy’s eyes. â€Å"I just didn’t want to die, â€Å"she said. â€Å"I was so scared-and I wanted to live. If the doctors could doanything for me, I’d try that. But they can’t.† Shewas sitting up now, staring into space as if she saw something terrible there. â€Å"You don’t know what itfeels like to know you’re going to die,† shewhispered. Waves of chills washed over Phillip. No, he didn’tknow that, but he did know-he could suddenly picture vividly-what it was going to be like forhimafter Poppy died. How empty the world was going tobe without her. For a long time they both sat in silence. Then Poppy fell back onto the pillows again. Phillipcould see pastel blue smudges under her eyes, as ifthe conversation had exhausted her. â€Å"I don’tthinkitmatters,† she said in a faint but frighteningly cheerfulvoice. â€Å"I’m not going to die anyway. Doctors don’t know everything.† So that’s how she’s dealing with it,Phillipthought.Total denial. He had all the information he needed, though. He had a clear view of the situation. And he knew whathe had to do now. â€Å"I’ll leave so you can get some rest,† he said to Poppy, and patted her hand. It felt very cool andfragile, full of tiny bones like a bird’s wing. â€Å"Seeyou later.† He slipped out of the house without telling anyone where he was going. Once on the road, he drovevery fast. It only took ten minutes to reach the apart ment building. He’d never been to James’s apartment before. James answered the door with a cold, â€Å"What areyou doing here?† â€Å"Can I come in? I’ve got something to say.† James stood back expressionlessly to let him in. The â€Å"place was roomy and bare. There was a singlechairbeside a very cluttered table, an equally clut tered desk, and a square unbeautiful couch. Cardboard boxes full of books and CDs were stacked inthe corners. A door led to a spartan bedroom. â€Å"What do you want?† â€Å"First of all, I have to explain something. I knowyou can’t help being what you are-but I can’t helphow I feel about it, either. You can’t change, andneither can I. I need you to understand that from the beginning.† James crossed his arms over his chest, wary anddefiant. â€Å"You can skip the lecture.† â€Å"I just need to make sure you understand, okay?†Ã¢â‚¬ What do youwant,Phil?† Phil swallowed. It took two or three tries before he could get the words out past the blockage of hispride. â€Å"I want you to help my sister.† How to cite Night World : Secret Vampire Chapter 8, Essay examples

An Analysis of a View from the Bridge free essay sample

The focus on Eddie is evidence that he is an important character and that is the one that has most interactions with the other characters. Eddie and Catherine are having a conversation in the house when he returns from work. From the enthusiastic manner in which Catherine greets Eddie, we know that they share a close relationship. Later, we also see the two characters having a conversation with each other that also alludes to the closeness that they share. The content of the conversation that Eddie and Catherine have seem banal and unimportant. However, the manner in which they express their thoughts, especially for Eddie, allows us to have a closer peek at what they truly think and how they truly feel. This also creates a sense of suspense and prepares the audience of the later events in Miller’s plot. From the conversation, a sense of curiosity is piqued in the audience as they are subtly made aware that Eddie and Catherine do not share a completely innocent relationship. On the surface, Eddie seems like a paternal figure who is chiding his young niece about the coquettish manner of her dressing. He tells Catherine that her skirt is too short and the way she walks gives him â€Å"the willies†. This is not a casual remark that Eddie makes. Instead, he harps on it and even when his disapproval causes Catherine obvious distress, he does not stop. Eddie is extremely overprotective over his niece and this conversation is an example of his overprotectiveness. This, coupled with his saying that he does not like the idea of Catherine growing up and finding a job, hints at the unnatural feelings that Eddie harbours towards Catherine. However, at the same time, Eddie seems opposed or even unaware about his feelings for Catherine. For Catherine and Eddie, the high-heeled shoes that she wears and the way she walks is a symbol of womanhood and sex. In her new skirt and shoes, Catherine has been on the receiving on of much attention from men around the community. Catherine appears to be basking in the glow of the attention but her uncle, on the other hand, is disapproving. However, his feelings about it do not seem to only be about fatherly overprotectiveness. There is also a hint of jealousy that Catherine, who is on the cusp of womanhood, may be attracting and attracted to other men. Eddie has made his disapproval of the high heels very clear so later in the play, every time Catherine puts them on; it is a symbol of rebellion towards her uncle. Eddie is controlling of Catherine and wants to keep her pure and innocent. He is worried that the high heels, which will make her look attractive, will lead to her going out with a man and leaving the house. The high heels threaten Eddie and to him, they are dangerous. On the other hand, Catherine is very aware of the effect the high heels has on men and she enjoys the power that they give her. This seemingly minor disagreement the two characters have over the high heels is a foreshadowing of the breakdown of the relationship later when Catherine really does leave to be with Rodolpho. It is also significant that the conversation about Catherine’s blossoming sexuality takes place just before Beatrice’s cousins arrive as it is an indication of a turning point in the play. The new look that Catherine sports is not just symbolic of Eddie’s fear of losing his niece. He is also scared to face his repressed incestuous feelings for his niece as she slowly and more obviously grows to become a woman. Later in the play, after being serenaded by Rodolfo, Catherine is asked to remove her shoes by Eddie. Eddie is so aware of the power of Catherine’s high heels because he experiences their effect first-hand. Eddie calls Catherine â€Å"kid†, an affectionate term. He also tells her she like â€Å"a baby† and that she should be more reserved. Besides showing how desperate he is to keep his niece’s innocence, it also shows that he is trying to conceal his true feelings for her. Catherine is upset by her uncle’s disapproval of her clothes as she wants support from him. Later, when she finds a job, she is again met with disapproval by Eddie. Throughout the extract, the characters were in the house but in different rooms. Eddie and Catherine were together whereas Beatrice was in the kitchen. During their conversation, besides the manner in which they converse, their physical interactions also show that they are close. When talking, Catherine sits and stands near Eddie and even at one point, takes his arm. This, juxtaposed with Beatrice’s physical absence in the room, highlights the awkwardness in the relationship between the three characters. Catherine, like Beatrice, is not a well-developed character. The females are quiet characters who are normally in the background. This is especially so for Beatrice. Catherine, despite being more vocal at the beginning of the play, is still rather meek, submissive and naive. On the other hand, Beatrice is usually in the kitchen. However, the latter seems like a stronger character. She is willing to address the impotence in the relationship between her husband and her and even encourages Catherine to grow into her womanhood. Regardless, both women constantly seek approval from Eddie and as characters, do not have much impact on the play besides just pushing the plot along. Works Cited: Miller Arthur, ed. A View from the Bridge. Penguin Books: Penguin Group 1977. Print.